Alex+Ho

Effect of Ethanol on Planarian Behavior

Purpose: to test if Planarian will still be able to be conditioned when exposed to 5%,10%and 20% of Ethanol

Hypothesis: If planarian were exposed to 0% 5%, 10% and 20% of Ethanol then in 20% they will no longer be able to be conditioned.

Background: (history) Brown Planarian is a type of flat worm also known as DugesiaTigrina. Planarian length vary from .32 cm to 2.54 cm normally. One of main structure of Planarian is their central nervous system. The central nervous system is paralle (pervious experiments) (structure) (habitate) (sensitivety) (life ) (Alcohol history) (effect of alcohol) (experiments with alcohol) idependent variables: 5%, 10%, 20% ethanol solutions

dependent variables: # of planarian still responded to the stimulant of 20cc air

Controlled group: plain tap water groups

Controlled Variable water temperature <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"># of planarian in each group <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">type of water <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"># ml of solutions <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">type of container <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">type of cutting board and syringe <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">amount of air in syringe <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">amount of water, food <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">period of feeding and changing water <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">time of exposing phase <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">etc

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Material: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">160 Planarians <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">1 Cutting Board with trench surrounding all 4 sides <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">1-2 Syringe without needle <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">x ml tap Water per group <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">x Alcohol <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Pig Liver (food) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">8 petri-dish and cover <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">3 solution-dish

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Procedure: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">1)Separate Planarian into 8 groups and placed each group in a different petri-dish. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">2)Label 2 of petri-dish with control, 2 with 5% ethanol solution, 2 with 10% ethanol solution, and 20%ethanol solution. *don't close the petri dish with cover* <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">3)On day 1,train 2 groups of Planarian <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Training: prepare a cutting boardwith trough with tap water (same water given to planarian)in the trough . Then place one planarian at a time in the trough full of water and let it swim. Record its behavior. Next, prepare the syringe with 20cc of air and point the syringe at the head of the planarian and release the air(the planarian will shrink to half of its length).Give planarian 10 sec to recover before trying it again. After 10-20 or more times the planarian should swim the opposite direction.If the planarian will turn and swim the opposite direction when expose to 20cc of air then the training for the planarian is completed. Be sure to record the average # of times it takes to train the planarian in each group. *add tap water into cover so when finish training a planarian you can place it in the cover then when the group is finish place them back to the petri dish* <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">4) On day 2 -4 train planaria 2 groups of planarian per day and after the experiment, feed the planarian every three days or longer depending how hunger they’re. Also change the water every 2 days especially after the planarian finish digesting the food. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Food: liver would be fine and feed them in small pieces, don’t over feed it!! <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">5)Prepare the x ml solution (5%, 10%, 20% ethanol) and be sure to seal the opening well. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Solution: #ml of total liquid times the percent of ethanol =#ml of Ethanol, Total ml minus the #ml of Ethanol = #ml of Water <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">6) Day 5, place 1 5% group into 5% ethanol solution for 60 minute and at 30 minute begin to test the other 5% ethanol group . After 60 minute, test them. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Testing: using the same cutting board with trough full of x% ethanol solution and, place x%group planarian in and let it swim. Record its behavior. prepare the syringe with 20cc of air and point it at the planarian and release. record wether the planarian responded and turn and swim the opposite direction or not. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">7) Day 6, place 10% group into 10% ethanol solution like day 5 and after 60 minute test them. Day 7 expose 20% group to 20% ethanol solution like day 5 and test them. Day 8 test the control group. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">8) Clean up and keep the planarian as pet or kill them (don’t flush them down the drain or put them in a pond/lake/river etc) All liquid could be dump down the drain and all solid wastes should be dump in the trash can.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Groups and Phases <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">8 Groups with 20 planarian each <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">(2Groups for each of the solution) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Mixing the solution <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Training Phase (10-20 Puff of 20cc of air or more depending on turning reponses) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Exposing phase 60 Minute <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Testing Phase

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">January <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">2 X || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">3 || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">4 || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">5 || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">6 ||
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">9 Training || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">10 Training || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">11 Training || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">12 Training || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">13 X ||
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">16 X || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">17 X || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">18 Exposing/Test || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">19 Expose/Test || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">20 Expose/Test ||
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">23 Control group Expose/Test || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">24 || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">25 || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">26 || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">27 ||
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">30 || <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">31 ||  ||   ||   ||

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">DATA make planarian turn (5% alcohol) || (twenty #) ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   || make planarian turn (10%alcohol) ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   || make planarian turn (20%alcohol) ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   || make planarian turn (control) ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * TRAINING ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * || Group1 || Group2 || Group3 || Group4 || Group5 || Group6 || Group7 || Group8 ||
 * # of tries to
 * Average || yes% no% ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * # of tries to
 * Average ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * # of tries to
 * Average ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * # of tries to
 * Average ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||

make planarian turn (5% alcohol) || (twenty #) ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   || turn (10%alcohol) ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   || turn (20%alcohol) ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   || turn (control) ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Experiment ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * || Group1 || Group2 || Group3 || Group4 || Group5 || Group6 || Group7 || Group8 ||
 * # of tries succeed to
 * Average ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * # of tries succeed to make planarian
 * Average ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * # of tries succeed to make planarian
 * Average ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * # of tries succeed to make planarian
 * Average ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Reference <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">[] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">[|http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?sid=82e925ea-b4f1-4387-8443-f0413806eca2%40sessionmgr111&vid=7&hid=104&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=ulh&AN=39007662] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Planarian <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Planarian, common name for several genera of the free-living (turbellarian) flatworms belonging to the order Tricladida, a name that derives from their characteristic three-branched digestive cavities. Most species range from 1/8 in. to about 1 in. in length (.32–2.54 cm) although some giant tropical forms range up to 2 ft. (60 cm). The different species are white, gray, brown, or black; a few forms are transparent. Many are striped or streaked and some of the large terrestrial species are brightly colored. Although planarians can be found in marine or moist terrestrial habitats, most inhabit freshwater areas. They crawl about over a trail of mucus that is secreted by specialized epidermal cells; the smaller forms move about by means of cilia on their ventral, or lower, surface, and larger species utilize muscular contractions as well. Tactile and chemoreceptive cells, located in the epidermis, serve as general sense organs. In many species these cells are clumped in lobes at the sides of the head. Most planarians are also light-sensitive and in some, pigmented light-sensitive cells are clumped in two cups that serve as primitive eyes. Planarians are usually either carnivorous or scavengers. The mouth is located near the middle of the ventral surface. The tubelike pharynx can be everted from the mouth and inserted into the prey; food is partially digested externally before it is sucked into the gut. Planarians are hermaphroditic; each individual worm contains both male and female organs, and, most commonly, they reproduce sexually. However, species similar to the 1/2-in.-long (1.27-cm) Dugesia tigrina, the most common planarian in the United States, are much studied in classrooms and laboratories for their additional capacity to reproduce asexually by transverse rupture of the body: a rupture line develops behind the mouth, and while the back half of the worm is anchored, the front half moves forward until the worm snaps in half. Each half regenerates the missing parts. Such planarians can also regenerate parts that are cut from the body. Planarians are classified in the phylum <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">[|Platyhelminthes] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">, class Turbellaria, order Tricladida.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">[] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Alcohol and Adolescent Brain: Human Studies PDF

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #285bac; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Planarian chapter proof.pdf

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">[|http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=82e925ea-b4f1-4387-8443-f0413806e] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">[|ca2%40sessionmgr111&vid=21&hid=104] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">-Focus on: Neurotransmitier systems??? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Reference to bees experiment

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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">[|http://web.ebscohost.com/scirc/detail?vid=8&hid=25&sid=67ff9b17-35e6-4000-a23a-fc4f8eda63af%40sessionmgr113&bdata=JnNpdGU9c2NpcmMtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=sch&AN=4437501]

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